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Application of Superoxide Dismutase in Cosmetics
The importance of superoxide dismutase
Superoxide dismutase(SOD)is a kind of biological enzyme, and its chemical essence is protein. SOD is an important component of biological cells, which has high biological activity and catalytic effect both in vivo and in vitro. In all human tissues, SOD is essential to prevent serious diseases and oxidative stress damage. In the field of cosmetics, SOD had a promising application. SOD is the most important antioxidant enzyme to eliminate "superoxide free radical ((.O2)22-)"-the cause of skin damage and aging, the only scavenger in the body with free radicals as the substrate, and a tyrosinase inhibitor that plays an important role in the synthesis of human melanin. Since Keilin et al. first isolated superoxide dismutase from bovine red blood cells in 1938, after long-term basic theoretical research in the medical community, it has been confirmed that the supplement of SOD is of great benefit to human anti-aging.
Figure 1. The structure of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1)
"Superoxide free radicals", superoxide dismutase and skin damage
As people grow older, the number of active oxygen free radicals in the body increases. The strong oxidation of free radicals will cause cells to age, deform, shrink or reduce in number, promote the fracture of collagen fibers and elastic fibers, and destroy connective tissue, thus leading to the loss of elasticity and softness of the skin and the presence of wrinkles, dry keratosis, and excessive deposition of pigment spots. In addition, superoxide free radicals can also deform and damage the sebaceous glands and reduce sebum secretion. At the same time, the sweat glands will also be destroyed, which will block the secretion of sweat glands, weaken the softness and moisturizing effect on the skin cuticle, and accelerate the generation of skin wrinkles. Some studies have shown that the antioxidant represented by SOD in the human body will form an antioxidant symbiotic ring in the body after being absorbed by the human body, which will reside in the body's indestructible defense system, thus achieving the effect of anti-aging. Its specific functions are as follows:
1. Reduce wrinkles: Taking SOD for a long time can effectively eliminate free radicals, block the production of elastase, inhibit its activity, thus improving skin health internally, nourishing skin, and reducing skin diseases and wrinkles.
2. Remove freckles: SOD is the most effective antioxidant for scavenging free radicals. Its capacity with anti-oxidation is 20 times that of VC and 50 times that of VE. Adhering to the use of SOD can regulate the endocrine system while removing free radicals and preventing skin from discoloration.
3. Remove acne: The specific scavenging effect of SOD on free radicals can effectively control and regulate the secretion and excretion of hormones in the body, limit the secretion and accumulation of excessive oily sebum, and reduce the occurrence of acne.
4. Sunscreen function: SOD has a certain absorption effect on ultraviolet light with the wavelength of 258~268 nm and 270~320 nm.
Practical use of superoxide dismutase in cosmetic products
Due to the short half-life and poor stability of natural SOD, the application of superoxide dismutase is affected, so chemical modification is carried out to improve its stability. In cosmetic applications, modified SOD is used to replace natural SOD. Common modified SOD includes polyethylene glycol modified SOD, dextran modified SOD, etc.
The application of superoxide dismutase in cosmetics mainly includes 1) As a cosmetic additive, it can prevent skin aging and protect skin; 2) Prevent and treat skin diseases. At present, many advanced cosmetics are added with SOD, such as SK-II, which can be made into cosmetics in the form of facial mask, lotion and cream, etc. As a SOD cosmetic, the activity of SOD in each l g of substrates should not be less than 100 U. A large number of data show that SOD is non-toxic and has no side effects, so it is widely used in cosmetics.
As a leading cosmetic raw material supplier, Creative BioMart provides global customers with high-purity and cost-effective superoxide dismutase for the development of cosmetic and personal care products. We also have a wide variety of other raw materials that are versatile, such as collagen, growth factors, and botanical extracts, click to view our product catalog. Combining natural raw materials with innovative technologies, Creative BioMart aims to provide customers with superior products and solutions that meet current and future trends in the cosmetic market.
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References
- Islam, M.N.; et al. Superoxide dismutase: an updated review on its health benefits and industrial applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2022.
- Liu, Y.; et al. Antioxidative Composites Based on Multienzyme Systems Encapsulated in Metal-Organic Frameworks. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2021.
